Essay on Medieval Outlook on the Bubonic Plague - 1448 Words

The Medieval Outlook on the Bubonic Plague The Black Death was a major factor in the history of Europe as well as the history of the world. Rivaling the effects of an immense bioterrorist attack, the Black Death was responsible for the taking of over 25 million lives. Creating economic, societal, and medical changes, the Black Death forced Europe to essentially recreate its entire groundwork. At the time of the Black Death, medicine remained very archaic, and European society scrambled to find a cure to this mysterious disease. This study ponders the effects of medieval methods of treatment on this once ravaging disease. The Middle Ages was a dark time for the people of Europe. As the Black Death reigned during the mid-14nth century,†¦show more content†¦This version of the plague is contagious. Because of the various changes in the behavior of the plague, people seemed to catch the disease The plague not only wreaked havoc on Medieval Outlook on the Bubonic Plague 2 social order but also catalyzed theories and new methods of treatments which ranged from bizarre to deadly. The science field and the Roman Catholic Church created various theories and much of these new methods of treatment?none of which succeeded. Their inability to create a cure stimulated an end to the all-powerful reign of the Church as well as the disillusionment in the very system which governed the people?resulting in not only extreme population changes in Europe but the path of history itself. During the Middle Ages, science was not emphasized and doctors retained many of the same beliefs held by their predecessors centuries ago. Therefore, the medicines they used were herbal and passed down from generations. Although these herbal remedies, such as wormwood and lungwort, had some merit and cured stomachaches and headaches, they were insufficient in curing the bubonic plague. Another ancient practice was bloodletting, which was common during the Greco-Roman times. The doctors of the medieval times believed that four different liquids controlled the body (1). Developed by the Greek philosopher Galen, the theory held that the body was controlled by four fluid?black bile, yellow bile, blood, and phlegm. Each fluidShow MoreRelatedThe Medieval Machine : The Industrial Revolution Of The Middle Ages1377 Words   |  6 Pages The Medieval world has a certain connotation to its meaning. People throughout time have found the era synonymous with negativity. It has often been referenced to as the middle or dark ages lending people the view of a world with little to no progress along human advancement. We often paint the picture of medieval Europe with kings, queens, lords and peasants. We also immediately thing of the bubonic plague that wiped out almost a third of the European population at the time. However, there areRead MoreEurope and the Black Death Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pagesestimated that this unidentifiable disease killed â€Å"more than 20 million people in Europe–almost one-third of the continent’s population,† by the 1350’s (Black Death). Now in today’s society scientists classify the unidentifiable disease as the bubonic plague, also referred to as the Black Death. During fourteenth century European-society, there was no logical medical knowledge; instead, p eople resorted to supplementary explanations, such as God punishing misbehaving religious groups and sinners (BlackRead MoreEssay on The Black Death1392 Words   |  6 PagesThe Black Death   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is impossible to discuss Europe’s history without mentioning the Plague of 1348, also known as the Black Death. The Black Death reached Italian shores in the spring of 1348. The presence of such a plague was enormously devastating making its mark in unprecedented numbers in recorded history. According to records, it is estimated to have killed a third of Europe’s population. The Black Death was caused by bacteria named Yersinia Pestis. This germ was transferred fromRead MoreEffects Of The Black Plague On Society944 Words   |  4 Pages The Black Death was the name given to a plague that occurred in the mid 13th century which caused at least a third of the world’s population to perish. During the years in which the plague spread across Europe, many aspects of life for the people that lived were altered forever. This epidemic was like no other in history and had an unprecedented outcome. The effects of the Black Plague on society were substantial resulting in great changes of social classes through role reorganization, changesRead MoreThe Plague Of The Black Death1798 Words   |  8 PagesThere were three major outbreaks of the Black Death pandemic in the world. In the history the Black Plague is also called as the Black Death or Bubonic Plague. This research paper will mainly cover the European outbreak of the 14th century as it is considered to be the era of the worst time of the Black Death period. Many historians would agree that the events of 1300s led to dramatic changes affecting every European country in all the aspects. Creating economic, social, religious, and medical issuesRead MoreEssay about Changes in Thought Between 1301 and 1350797 Words   |  4 PagesThese serfs were forced to hand over even larger amounts of their crops in order to receive protection from the more powerful lords. The serfs were left with little or no money and without enough food to support themselves or their families. Their outlook shifted from looking towards a brighter future at the beginning of the 14th century, to a struggle for mere survival by the middle of the century. Prior to the early 14th century the society revolved around the church. Government, trade, and learningRead MoreThe Dark Ages, The Period Between 476 And 13501809 Words   |  8 Pagesmisguided by the derogatory implications of the words ‘dark’ and ‘medieval’. The Middle Ages (an umbrella term encompassing the Renaissance movement), a more appropriate term, marks a period between the downfall of classical Greece and Rome during the fifth and fourteenth century, and the rise of Greco-Roman systems and ideologies during the Renaissance. The Renaissance is often defined as a cultural movement between the end of the medieval period in 1350 to approximately 1620, as it marks the rebirthRead MoreThe Renaissance in Europe1418 Words   |  6 Pagesobligations, feudalism did not allow serfs and peasants many freedoms. Although they were legally bound to their lords’ manor, serfs challenged the ways of feudal society by running away to towns. The decline of f eudalism was spurred on by the bubonic plague. As a disease that killed a third of Europe’s population, its effects on society were enormous. Populations fell, which meant that workers were scarce. This made manual labor more valuable. Serfs who were poorly paid or unpaid left manors in searchRead MoreEffects Of European Exploration On Europe, Africa, And The Americas1523 Words   |  7 PagesNative populations by Europeans. The beginning of the Age of Discovery marked the end of Medieval Europe and the start of Modern Europe. Europe was affected in this exploration in two main ways, culturally and economically. Europe’s culture and updated technology spread throughout the world. The spread of Christianity from these parts brought other continents closer in culture relation to Europe. During the Medieval Age in Europe gold and silver was sparse, suddenly large supplies began to flood in fromRead MoreEssay on Magic and Superstition in the Middle Ages3515 Words   |  15 Pagesthat was the fusion of the highest form of love and knowledge† (McGinn 33). Here, the belief shifted from searching for a higher spirituality to having found that elevation in the Incarnate Word, Jesus Christ. This alteration in the philosophical outlook of the people brought about a whole new aspect of the supernatural. Now that there was a great power to believe in, there were sets of rules introduced to ensure pure worship of the new-found Incarnate Word. A few centuries later, the renowned Roman

A Business Journal On Ethics - 1140 Words

As society progresses in the advancement of technology, science, self-efficiency, the dichotomy of church and state increases in its separation. However, these advancements do not delete the moral dilemma man faces daily. Man no longer looks towards a higher power as a source of reason, truth, and morality, but rather looks to him/herself, basing their decisions on fallible human reasoning. Modernism, as the dominant worldview, is now the source of explanation, relying on human reasoning as the reference point in all areas of life, including vocation and business practices. Modernism is a reflection of man’s search of meaning and purpose. The modernism worldview carries over into various areas of disciplines. Today, a business manager, with a modernist worldview, may dictate the way s/he runs a business and resolves ethical dilemmas in the marketplace. Our worldview encompasses reality, knowledge, and morality, and forms the parameter in which man bases understanding. In a bus iness journal on ethics â€Å"According to modernism, reality, knowledge, and morality are founded in science, human reasoning, and objective evidence† (Kim et al. 116). Modernist base their epistemology on a cause and effect relationship, either from experimentation or history, modernist look to see if an action produces good results and, if so, therefore it is good. The nature of external reality, metaphysics, to a modernist is nothing but what one can see with their eyes, as â€Å"modernism holds thatShow MoreRelatedCritique Of - Applying Ethical Theories: Interpreting and Responding to Student Plagiarism, Journal of Business Ethics1310 Words   |  6 Pages Manchester Metropolitan University Business School Research Methods Assessment 1: Critical Writing (15%) Granitz, N. and D. Loewy (2007), Applying Ethical Theories: Interpreting and Responding to Student Plagiarism, Journal of Business Ethics, vol. 72, pp 293-306. Summary Plagiarism in todays â€Å"copy and paste generation† is an unremitting, complex issue that is not yet fully understood. The paper responds to this proposition with a thesis that understanding the ethical reasoning providedRead MoreThe Importance Of Management And The Success Of A Company1192 Words   |  5 Pagescompany’s form alliances with upstream and downstream firms, using sophisticated marketing management strategies which ensures highly efficient logistics to the success of a company’s business process which maximizes profit (Sarkar, Echambadi, Harrison, 2001). The integrity of a company as in regards to the formal codes of ethics has had a dramatic increase in global industrial economy, because of the downfall of large organizations and repeated instances of corporate misconduct. There has been a reformRead MoreEssay on What is Cheating and Why Cheating is Bad?1219 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction - What is Cheating and Why Cheating is Bad? In this paper, we discuss how academic dishonesty in general and what role if any, the structure and teaching of courses – as a part of business management curriculum in particular – plays, in curbing that dishonesty. Cheating can be defined as any act of academic dishonesty and is encountered in various forms. There has been extensive research [Whitley, 1998] to analyze fraudulent exercises- especially in undergraduate school setting. 72%Read MoreThe Implications Of Business Ethics For Human Resource Management1457 Words   |  6 Pagesof business ethics for human resource management? Explain the potential role(s) of human resource managers in the ethical conduct of business. Provide examples where appropriate. Essay The concept of business ethics is gaining more and more attention from many different organisations. Business ethics relate to the ethical judgments of what is right and wrong in an organisation (Sparks et al. 2010, p.2). Human resource management in particular, demonstrates the implications of business ethics throughRead MoreSales Ethics Is an Oxymoron1567 Words   |  7 PagesIs Sales-Ethics an Oxymoron? Globalization highlighted the ethical issues and concerns for every individual organization, multinational organizational conduct their operations under ethical code of conduct to confine the issues faced by unethical conducts. Many organizations such as pharmaceutical firms, technological firms and financial firms pay more attentions to ethical behavior to ensure the sales to consumers have been impeccably ethical. However managers pay attention to behavioral ethicalRead MoreEthics As A Key Term Essay939 Words   |  4 PagesKEY TERM and WHY YOU ARE INTERESTED IN IT This paper will discuss ethics as a key term in cross boarder business. This topic is of interest because ethics are present in every day’s activities. For Christians, ethics is an important concept because it represents the image of the creator, God. As ambassadors of His world, Christians have the responsibility to edify others by living a moral and ethical life style. In the business field, the values and moral principles of individuals differ dependingRead MoreImportance of Ethics in International Business1541 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of Ethics in International Business Executive Summary Ethics in the business world is important and global. Ethics  indicate what is right and what is wrong in  business branches and also lead employees and stakeholders with moral values. Due to the globalization of markets and production processes, business people have to deal with ethical issues in cross-cultural settings at an increasing number. The purpose of this paper is to explain the importance of international business, emphasiseRead MoreSituations Leading to Unethical Practices and Behavior in Accounting810 Words   |  3 Pagesbe tolerated in any company regardless of its mode of ownership ADDIN EN.CITE Tang20031598(Tang Chiu, 2003)1598159817Tang, Thomas Li-PingChiu, Randy K.Income, Money Ethic, Pay Satisfaction, Commitment, and Unethical Behavior: Is the Love of Money the Root of Evil for Hong Kong Employees?Journal of Business EthicsJournal of Business Ethics13-304612003Springer01674544http://www.jstor.org/stable/25075086( HYPERLINK l _ENREF_4 o Tang, 2003 #1598 Tang Chiu, 2003). One of the reasons for unethical

A Crime Of Compassion Essay Example For Students

A Crime Of Compassion Essay Word Count: 696 Who has the right to take ones life from them? The Supreme Court says that no man shall take the life of another man without punishment. The Bible says, ;Thou shalt not kill; (Exodus 20:13), yet humans are still the only species that kills their own kind. Murder is wrong. Murder is unlawful. But when does taking the pain and suffering away from a dying victim become murder? Barbara Huttmann believes that there is a time when living has just gone too far. Her essay ;; addresses these points and this very controversial question: When is it lawful and moral to take the life of another person? Murder is still a crime, and there is a fine line between murder and a ;Do Not Resuscitate; (DNR) order from a Doctor. The state of Montana tried and convicted Dr. Kavorkian of murder just because he helped sad, tired and suffering patients end all of their pain, by killing them. Is this murder? Maybe, Kavorkian killed suffering victims. He had their permission, but nonetheless, he ended their life. DNR is different. While I have never had cancer, like ;Mac; in the essay, or any other terminal illness for the matter, I can sympathize for the patient and his family. Why should he have to stay alive or suffer? There comes a time when medical technology is just impending in the grand scheme of life. Whats wrong with death? What are we so afraid of? Why cant we treat death with a certain amount of humanity, dignity, and decency? Whether the patient believes in an after life or not, death is a part of life. While Barbara was required by hospital guidelines to report all ;Code Blues;, it is not morally wrong. But, in most states, unless the patient prior to the accident has signed a DNR, you must do whatever it takes to keep them alive. That is not moral, that is legal. But where do you draw the line? Barbara said hat she resuscitated Mac ;52 times in just on month; (3). Should there be a number that once reached, an understood DNR is in place? Or do we continue to treat only the symptoms of terminal illnesses and send patients back home to suffer? The point is that it is not fair to make someone to offer through pain day in and day out, just waiting to die. The Constitution has a law against cruel and unusual punishments: Does terminal illness count? Can they not just be allowed to die peacefully? Barbara uses emotional tactics to sell her ideas and convey her point. By attacking the readers heat, it is much easier to win the right or wrong battle, because everyone can relate to death. By using extreme adjectives and figurative metaphors, the reader has no choice but to want to reach out not only to Mac and his family, but also to Barbara, for she loved him, his wife, Maura, and their three kids as if they were her own(5). She had suffered right along with him through all of this. Death is sad, and it might not be fair, but dealing with death is far easier then dealing with pain and suffering of a loved one. Barbara Huttmann may have broken hospital policy that day, but the truth is, she did her friend Mac a favor. He wanted it, the family wanted it, and she wanted it. Medical technology, while unbelievably spectacular, is sometimes a nuisance. Mac deserved to be left along. He was tired of pain, tired of suffering, and tired of delaying the inevitable. Top of Volcano Blown Off In Blast! 18/04/82 Essay Murder and assisting death are one thing, but this is just allowing life to run its course. Sometimes it is just time. Time to let go, and time to move on. Barbara Huttmann is not guilty of murder. Her only crime is compassion. Social Issues .

White Devil an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

White Devil: a True Story of War, Savagery, and Vengence in Colonial America The book White Devil: A True Story of War, Savagery, and Vengeance in Colonial America is a historical novel about Robert Rogers better known as White Devil and his famous band of Rangers. They marched into French territory to attack for vengeance on the Abenaki Indians for their massacre of settlers at Fort William Henry. Steven Brumwell dramatically shows the stealth involved in reaching the Abenaki at the St. Francis River Basin, the details of the brutal slaughter, and the retreat to safety. This book offers different perspectives based on narratives from Abenaki and accounts from survivors. Brumwell also relied on more than 250 years of North American, British, and French archived documents to explore the truth behind this controversial episode from Americas aggressive past. Need essay sample on "White Devil: a True Story of War, Savagery, and Vengence in Colonial America" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The book is more or less a biography of Rogers and his Rangers and studies the many characters and individuals involved in the campaigns leading up to Rogers climatic raid on the Abenaki community of St. Francis in French Canada. Brumwells focus on the St. Francis raid provides a compelling narrative thread, and allows for a complete plot that is worthy of any historical novel. White Devil opens with the captivity of Susanna Johnson who is taken with her family and others in the community from Fort Number Four in New Hampshire and taken to St. Francis. She eventually returns home and her new built connections with the Abenaki provide a satisfying plot. Brumwell uses Susannas capture to give the reader a glace at the nature of the Abenaki community at St. Francis. After giving some cultural and geographical foundations, Brumwell then turns to the outbreak of war and the growing reputations of Robert Rogers and the Abenaki of St. Francis. Both quickly become feared fighters of wilderness warfare. Rogers provided skills and leadership for British forces sadly lacking in frontier scouts. The storys pace picks up as Brumwell recounts the early campaigns of the war, especially along the Hudson and Lake Champlain line. One of the points of this section that should be noted is the way in which the activities of the Indians and Rogers Rangers are folded into the operations of the regular European troops. Their skill was not simply in conducting ambushes, or fighting from behind trees, but in their ability to move quickly and quietly through hundreds of miles of wilderness, take prisoners, and gather information about enemy intentions. Theirs was a war for information that was fought with great savagery. It recounts the decision for the St. Francis rai d which was for vengeance and the terrifying detains of how it was fought. The battle that was fought killed mostly old men, women, and children in St. Francis. Brumwell then ends the book with a brief chapter outlining the conclusion of the war that included the personal failures and disappointments of Rogers in the postwar years. The book is very interesting and captivating to read and with Brumwells discussing a dramatic story with the latest historical findings that included a recently collected Abenaki oral histories and the discovery of Rogers hand drawn map of the raid. It also had the historical work now available on the nature of native societies and of wilderness warfare. Brumwell hopes to save Rogers from military critics who have accused the rangers of not having skill and effectiveness during the battle. But the author does not forget nor attempts to hide some of his more savage qualities that led the Abenakis to give him the name white devil. Our text America Past and Present only has small amounts of information on the French and Indian War and of the Abenakis. It discusses the Eastern coast Indians of North America as being a farming culture with seasonal hunting and gathering that were part of the Eastern Woodland Culture. Small bands formed villages during the warm summer months and cultivated maize. During the winter, difficulties feeding so many people caused the tribes to break apart with each family living off of whatever they could find. The dangers were great and survival could never be taken for granted. This was well detailed in the book White Devil. The many Algonquian speaking bands who occupied the land along the Atlantic coast from North Carolina to Main were the Indians that seventeenth century English settlers most commonly encountered. Included in this large linguistic family were the Powhatans, who dominated the lower Chesapeake region, the Narragansett of southern New England, and the Abenakis, who co ntrolled the forest of Maine (Divine, p.6). The only other mention of this conflict in the textbook is on May 18th, 1756, the British finally declared war on the French in an attempt to remove them the Mississippi valley and the conflict was named the French and Indian war in America and the Seven Years War in Europe. This war made a deep impression upon American society. Even though Franklins Albany Plan had failed, the military struggle had forced the colonists to cooperate on an unprecedented scale. It also drew them into closer contact with the mother country. They became aware of being part of a great empire, but in the very process of waging war, they acquired a more close sense of an America that lay beyond the plantation and villages. Conflict had carried men across colonial boundaries exposing them to a vast territory full of opportunities for a booming population. The war trained a corps of American officers, people like George Washington who learned from firsthand experience that the British were not invincible. Our text gave us an outline of what happened. Brumwell gave us an insiders look through the eyes of a commander that waged a battle against the Abenakis. The author writes well and his writing is very fluid and well paced. I like that he used very intriguing details. Brumwell shows well how Rogers was a man of action but that his group was costly and ill disciplined that sustained heavy casualties and made many crucial errors in judgment, had serious intelligence leaks and had high casualty reports throughout their careers in the Seven Years War. But the author shows how Rogers still had personal bravery and heroism despite his records. But readers might consider this to be somewhat overshadowed by the reputed murder and cannibalization of a captured Abenaki woman by Rogers on his retreat from Odanak is best understood as a reflection of Rogers moral courage to keep his men alive (Brumwell, p. 231). Rogers postwar career was mired in struggles with debt, charges of treason and alcoho l. Brumwell still is able to show the significance to North American Military history and makes a persuasive case for the larger significance of the raid on Odanak in the final phase of the Seven Years War. The destruction of the home village of a prominent Native nation allied to New France played a key role not only in the Subsequent Anglo-American diplomacy that separated many Native American Allies from Canada in 1760, but also in the unprecedented wave of settler expansion into western Abenaki homelands during the 1760s. Works Cited: Divine, Robert (et. al.) America: Past and Present 7th Ed. New York: Pearson-Longman (2005). Brumwell, Stephen. White Devil: A True Story of War, Savagery, and Vengeance in Colonial America. Cambridge, Mass.: Da Capo Press (2005).